html:root{--bg:var(--qz-canvas);--bg-soft:var(--qz-canvas);--surface:var(--qz-surface);--ink:var(--qz-ink);--ink-2:var(--qz-ink-secondary);--ink-3:var(--qz-ink-tertiary);--blue:var(--qz-accent);--blue-strong:var(--qz-accent-hover);--blue-soft:var(--qz-accent-soft);--hair:var(--qz-line);--hair-strong:var(--qz-line-strong)}
html.dark{--bg:#111318;--bg-soft:#20242c;--surface:#171a20;--ink:#f1f3f6;--ink-2:#b8bec8;--ink-3:#929aa7;--blue:var(--qz-accent,#58a8f7);--blue-strong:var(--qz-accent-hover,#78b9f9);--blue-soft:rgba(86,168,255,.12);--hair:rgba(255,255,255,.11);--hair-strong:rgba(255,255,255,.2)}
*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{min-width:320px;scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:76px;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}body{min-width:320px;background:var(--bg);color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--qz-font-sans);font-size:var(--qz-font-size-14);line-height:1.65;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}button{border:0;background:none;color:inherit;cursor:pointer;font:inherit}:focus-visible{outline:2px solid color-mix(in srgb,var(--blue) 52%,transparent);outline-offset:2px;border-radius:var(--qz-radius-control,10px)}::selection{background:var(--blue);color:#fff}[hidden]{display:none!important}.primary-action{min-height:48px;margin-top:34px;padding:0 18px;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:12px;border-radius:var(--qz-radius-surface,14px);background:var(--blue);color:#fff;font-size:var(--qz-font-size-14);font-weight:600;box-shadow:0 8px 22px rgba(8,117,225,.16);transition:background-color var(--qz-duration-fast,.14s) ease,box-shadow var(--qz-duration-fast,.14s) ease,transform var(--qz-duration-fast,.14s) cubic-bezier(.2,.8,.2,1)}.primary-action:hover{background:var(--blue-strong);box-shadow:0 10px 26px rgba(8,117,225,.2);transform:translateY(-1px)}.primary-action:active{box-shadow:0 4px 14px rgba(8,117,225,.15);transform:scale(.985)}@keyframes start-hero-in{from{opacity:0;transform:translateY(16px)}to{opacity:1;transform:none}}
@media(max-width: 900px){}
@media(max-width: 720px){.primary-action{margin-top:24px}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}.primary-action{transition-duration:var(--qz-duration-fast,.14s)}.primary-action:hover,.primary-action:active{transform:none}}

/* AI beginner generated routes */
.beginner-page{background:var(--bg-soft);color:var(--ink)}
.beginner-shell{width:min(100% - 40px,1120px);margin:0 auto;padding:32px 0 96px}
.beginner-reading-breadcrumbs{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin:0 0 20px;color:var(--ink-3);font-size:var(--qz-font-size-14)}
.beginner-reading-breadcrumbs span{display:inline-flex;align-items:center}.beginner-reading-breadcrumbs span+span::before{margin-right:8px;color:var(--hair-strong);content:"/"}
.beginner-reading-breadcrumbs a{min-height:44px;display:inline-flex;align-items:center}
.beginner-hero{min-height:430px;padding:clamp(54px,8vw,92px);display:flex;align-items:flex-start;justify-content:center;flex-direction:column;border:1px solid var(--hair);border-radius:28px;background:var(--surface)}
.beginner-eyebrow{color:var(--blue);font-size:var(--qz-font-size-14);font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.08em}
.beginner-hero h1{max-width:15ch;margin:18px 0 0;font-size:clamp(42px,6vw,72px);font-weight:700;line-height:1.04;letter-spacing:-.045em;text-wrap:balance}
.beginner-hero>p:not(.beginner-eyebrow){max-width:680px;margin-top:22px;color:var(--ink-2);font-size:clamp(16px,1.8vw,20px);line-height:1.65}
.beginner-actions{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px;margin-top:28px}.qz-button{min-height:48px;padding:0 18px;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;border:1px solid var(--hair-strong);border-radius:var(--qz-radius-surface,14px);background:var(--surface);color:var(--ink);font-size:var(--qz-font-size-14);font-weight:600}.qz-button.is-primary{border-color:var(--blue);background:var(--blue);color:#fff}
.beginner-hero>.qz-button{margin-top:28px}.assessment-shell,.assessment-boundary{margin-top:24px;padding:clamp(26px,5vw,54px);border:1px solid var(--hair);border-radius:var(--qz-radius-lg,18px);background:var(--surface)}.assessment-boundary h2{margin:0 0 24px;font-size:clamp(25px,3vw,36px);line-height:1.18;letter-spacing:-.02em}.assessment-boundary>p{max-width:68ch;color:var(--ink-2)}
.beginner-reading-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:230px minmax(0,1fr);gap:36px;margin-top:28px;background:transparent}.beginner-toc{position:sticky;top:calc(var(--qz-header-height) + 20px);align-self:start;max-height:calc(100dvh - var(--qz-header-height) - 40px);overflow:auto;padding:18px;border:1px solid var(--hair);border-radius:var(--qz-radius-lg,18px);background:var(--surface)}.beginner-toc h2{margin:0 0 10px;font-size:var(--qz-font-size-14)}.beginner-toc ol{list-style:none}.beginner-toc a{min-height:44px;padding:7px 8px;display:flex;align-items:center;border-radius:var(--qz-radius-control,10px);color:var(--ink-2);font-size:var(--qz-font-size-14);line-height:1.35}.beginner-toc a:hover,.beginner-toc a[aria-current="location"]{background:var(--blue-soft);color:var(--blue)}
.beginner-toc-mobile{display:none}.beginner-reading-tools{position:sticky;z-index:10;top:var(--qz-header-height);min-height:52px;margin:10px 0 12px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(48px,1fr) auto;align-items:center;gap:10px;pointer-events:none}.beginner-share-control{position:relative;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:flex-end;pointer-events:none}.beginner-share-control .beginner-reading-share{width:auto;min-width:9.5rem;border:1px solid var(--hair);border-radius:var(--qz-radius-surface,14px);padding-inline:14px;background:color-mix(in srgb,var(--surface) 94%,transparent);box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(20,20,17,.08);-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(12px);backdrop-filter:blur(12px);pointer-events:auto}.beginner-share-control .beginner-share-status{position:absolute;top:calc(100% + 4px);right:0;max-width:18rem;padding:3px 8px;border-radius:var(--qz-radius-control,10px);background:var(--surface);pointer-events:auto;white-space:nowrap}.beginner-share-control .beginner-share-status:empty{display:none;min-height:0;padding:0;background:transparent}.beginner-chapter-nav{margin-top:32px;padding-top:18px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:10px;border-top:1px solid var(--hair)}.beginner-chapter-nav>a,.beginner-chapter-nav>span{min-height:56px;padding:10px 12px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;border:1px solid var(--hair);border-radius:var(--qz-radius-surface,14px);color:var(--ink-2)}.beginner-chapter-nav>a:last-child,.beginner-chapter-nav>span:last-child{text-align:right;align-items:flex-end}.beginner-chapter-nav a:hover{border-color:color-mix(in srgb,var(--blue) 38%,var(--hair));color:var(--blue)}.beginner-chapter-nav small{color:var(--ink-3);font-size:var(--qz-font-size-14)}.beginner-chapter-nav span span,.beginner-chapter-nav a span{font-size:var(--qz-font-size-14);line-height:1.35}.beginner-chapter-nav .is-disabled{opacity:.48}
.beginner-reading-main{min-width:0}.beginner-reading-tools>progress{width:100%;height:4px;border:0;background:var(--hair)}.beginner-reading-tools>progress::-webkit-progress-bar{background:var(--hair)}.beginner-reading-tools>progress::-webkit-progress-value{background:var(--blue)}.beginner-reading-tools>progress::-moz-progress-bar{background:var(--blue)}
.beginner-local-search{position:relative;margin:0 0 20px;padding:22px;border:1px solid var(--hair);border-radius:var(--qz-radius-lg,18px);background:var(--surface)}.beginner-reading-tools+.beginner-local-search{margin-top:0}.beginner-local-search label{display:block;margin-bottom:8px;font-size:var(--qz-font-size-14);font-weight:600}.beginner-local-search input{width:100%;min-height:48px;padding:0 14px;border:1px solid var(--hair-strong);border-radius:var(--qz-radius-control,10px);background:var(--bg);color:var(--ink);font:inherit}.beginner-local-search p{margin:8px 0 0;color:var(--ink-3);font-size:var(--qz-font-size-14)}.beginner-local-search ul{position:absolute;z-index:12;right:22px;left:22px;margin:4px 0 0;padding:6px;list-style:none;border:1px solid var(--hair);border-radius:var(--qz-radius-surface,14px);background:var(--surface);box-shadow:0 14px 30px rgba(12,20,32,.12)}
.beginner-module,.beginner-source-section{scroll-margin-top:calc(var(--qz-header-height) + 26px)}.beginner-module{margin-bottom:20px;padding:clamp(24px,5vw,48px);border:1px solid var(--hair);border-radius:var(--qz-radius-lg,18px);background:var(--surface)}.beginner-module-number{color:var(--blue);font-size:var(--qz-font-size-14);font-weight:600}.beginner-module>h2,.beginner-source-section>h2,.beginner-source-section details h2{margin:12px 0 0;font-size:clamp(27px,4vw,42px);line-height:1.12;letter-spacing:-.03em}.beginner-reading-lead{margin:16px 0 0;color:var(--ink-2);font-size:var(--qz-font-size-16)}.beginner-module-sources{margin-top:28px;border-top:1px solid var(--hair)}.beginner-module-sources .beginner-source-section{padding:0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--hair)}.beginner-module-sources details>summary{min-height:54px;display:flex;align-items:center;cursor:pointer;font-weight:600}.beginner-module-sources details>h2{font-size:var(--qz-font-size-24)}.beginner-module-sources details>p,.beginner-module-sources details>div,.beginner-module-sources details>section,.beginner-module-sources details>table{margin-bottom:18px}.beginner-inline-action{min-height:48px;margin-top:18px;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;color:var(--blue);font-weight:600}
.is-whitepaper .beginner-source-section{margin-bottom:18px;padding:clamp(24px,4vw,44px);border:1px solid var(--hair);border-radius:var(--qz-radius-lg,18px);background:var(--surface)}.beginner-source-section>p{margin:16px 0 0;color:var(--ink-2);line-height:1.65}.beginner-source-section h3{margin:30px 0 0;font-size:var(--qz-font-size-20)}.beginner-source-section h4{margin:18px 0 0;font-size:var(--qz-font-size-16)}.beginner-structure{margin-top:18px;padding:18px;border-left:3px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0 var(--qz-radius-surface,14px) var(--qz-radius-surface,14px) 0;background:var(--bg-soft)}.beginner-table-wrap{max-width:100%;margin-top:20px;overflow:auto;border:1px solid var(--hair);border-radius:var(--qz-radius-surface,14px)}.beginner-table-wrap table{width:100%;min-width:620px;border-collapse:collapse}.beginner-table-wrap th,.beginner-table-wrap td{padding:13px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--hair);text-align:left;vertical-align:top}.beginner-table-wrap th{background:var(--bg-soft);font-size:var(--qz-font-size-14)}.beginner-table-wrap td{color:var(--ink-2);font-size:var(--qz-font-size-14)}.beginner-case{margin-top:20px;padding:22px;border:1px solid var(--hair);border-radius:var(--qz-radius-surface,14px);background:var(--bg-soft)}.beginner-case dl>div{margin-top:14px}.beginner-case dt{color:var(--blue);font-size:var(--qz-font-size-14);font-weight:600}.beginner-case dd{margin-top:4px;color:var(--ink-2)}.beginner-case li{margin-top:8px}
.assessment-shell{max-width:760px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.assessment-shell [data-assessment-fallback]>h2{font-size:var(--qz-font-size-28)}.assessment-shell [data-assessment-fallback]>p{margin-top:12px;color:var(--ink-2)}.assessment-shell [data-assessment-fallback]>ol{margin:24px 0;padding-left:22px}.assessment-shell [data-assessment-fallback] li{margin-top:12px}.assessment-shell [data-assessment-fallback] li span{display:block;color:var(--ink-2)}.assessment-boundary{max-width:760px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.beginner-footer{min-height:92px;padding:24px max(20px,calc((100% - 1120px)/2));display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:10px 24px;border-top:1px solid var(--hair);background:var(--surface);color:var(--ink-3);font-size:var(--qz-font-size-14)}.beginner-footer strong{color:var(--ink)}.beginner-footer a{min-height:44px;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;color:var(--blue)}
@media(max-width: 900px){.beginner-shell{width:min(100% - 32px,720px);padding-top:22px}.beginner-hero{min-height:380px;padding:42px 30px}.beginner-reading-layout{display:block}.beginner-toc{position:static;max-height:none;margin-bottom:18px;padding:0;overflow:visible}.beginner-toc-desktop{display:none}.beginner-toc-mobile{display:block}.beginner-toc-mobile summary{min-height:56px;padding:10px 14px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;cursor:pointer;font-weight:700;list-style:none}.beginner-toc-mobile summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.beginner-toc-mobile summary::after{content:"＋";color:var(--blue);font-size:var(--qz-font-size-16)}.beginner-toc-mobile[open] summary::after{content:"－"}.beginner-toc-mobile summary small{margin-left:auto;color:var(--ink-3);font-size:var(--qz-font-size-14);font-weight:400;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}.beginner-toc-mobile nav{max-height:min(56dvh,560px);overflow:auto;border-top:1px solid var(--hair)}.beginner-toc ol{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.beginner-toc a{border-bottom:1px solid var(--hair)}}
@media(max-width: 720px){.beginner-shell{width:min(100% - 24px,480px);padding-bottom:64px}.beginner-hero{min-height:360px;padding:36px 22px;border-radius:var(--qz-radius-lg,18px)}.beginner-hero h1{font-size:clamp(38px,12vw,50px)}.beginner-actions{width:100%}.beginner-actions .qz-button{width:100%}.assessment-shell,.assessment-boundary{padding:22px 18px;border-radius:var(--qz-radius-lg,18px)}.beginner-toc ol{grid-template-columns:1fr}.beginner-module,.is-whitepaper .beginner-source-section{padding:22px 18px;border-radius:var(--qz-radius-lg,18px)}.beginner-local-search{padding:18px 14px}.beginner-local-search ul{right:14px;left:14px}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.beginner-page *,.beginner-page *::before,.beginner-page *::after{scroll-behavior:auto!important;animation:none!important;transition-duration:.01ms!important}}
@media(prefers-reduced-transparency:reduce){.beginner-page .qz-header,.beginner-page .qz-mobile-menu,.beginner-page .qz-command-overlay,.beginner-share-control .beginner-reading-share{backdrop-filter:none!important;-webkit-backdrop-filter:none!important}}

/* Learning pages use the same compact hierarchy, not a second campaign layout. */
.beginner-shell { width:min(calc(100% - 2 * var(--qz-gutter)),var(--qz-container)); padding-top:var(--qz-space-6); }
.beginner-hero { min-height:0; padding:var(--qz-space-8); border-radius:var(--qz-radius-surface); }
.beginner-hero h1 { max-width:28ch; font-size:var(--qz-font-size-40); line-height:1.35; margin-top:var(--qz-space-3); letter-spacing:-.02em; }
.beginner-hero>p:not(.beginner-eyebrow) { margin-top:var(--qz-space-4); font-size:var(--qz-font-size-16); }
.beginner-page .qz-button,.primary-action { min-height:var(--qz-control); border-radius:var(--qz-radius-control); box-shadow:none; }
.beginner-page .qz-button.is-primary,.primary-action { color:var(--qz-on-accent); }
.beginner-module,.assessment-shell,.assessment-boundary,.beginner-toc,.beginner-local-search { border-radius:var(--qz-radius-surface); }
.beginner-module>h2,.beginner-source-section>h2,.assessment-boundary h2 { font-size:var(--qz-font-size-28); line-height:1.45; }
.beginner-toc a,.beginner-local-search label,.beginner-local-search p { font-size:var(--qz-font-size-14); }
.beginner-local-search input { font-size:var(--qz-font-size-16); }
.beginner-page :focus-visible { outline:2px solid var(--qz-focus); outline-offset:3px; }
@media(max-width:720px) {
  .beginner-shell { width:calc(100% - 2 * var(--qz-gutter)); }
  .beginner-hero { padding:var(--qz-space-6) var(--qz-space-4); }
  .beginner-hero h1 { font-size:var(--qz-font-size-28); }
  .beginner-reading-layout { margin-top:var(--qz-space-6); }
}

.beginner-source-section h3 { font-size:var(--qz-font-size-20); line-height:1.5; }
.beginner-source-section h4,.beginner-reading-lead { font-size:var(--qz-font-size-16); line-height:1.8; }
.beginner-source-section>p,.beginner-module li { line-height:1.8; }
.beginner-module>h2,.beginner-source-section>h2,.assessment-boundary h2 { font-size:var(--qz-font-size-24); }

/* Let the reading and the questions lead; keep page introductions unboxed. */
.is-guide .beginner-hero,.is-assessment .beginner-hero { padding:0; border:0; border-radius:0; background:transparent; }
.is-guide .beginner-hero h1,.is-assessment .beginner-hero h1 { margin-top:0; font-size:var(--qz-page-title); }
.is-guide .beginner-hero>p,.is-assessment .beginner-hero>p { margin-top:12px; }
.is-assessment .beginner-shell { max-width:48rem; }
.is-assessment .assessment-shell { width:100%; margin-top:24px; padding:24px; max-width:none; }
.is-assessment .assessment-boundary { margin-top:16px; padding:0; border:0; background:transparent; color:var(--qz-ink-secondary); font-size:var(--qz-font-size-14); }
.is-guide .beginner-toc { padding:0 16px 0 0; border:0; border-radius:0; background:transparent; }
.is-guide .beginner-local-search { padding:0; border:0; border-radius:0; background:transparent; }
.is-guide .beginner-local-search ul { left:0; right:0; }
.is-guide .beginner-module { padding:28px; }
@media(max-width:900px) {
 .is-guide .beginner-toc { padding:0; border-block:1px solid var(--qz-line); }
}
@media(max-width:720px) {
 .is-assessment .assessment-shell,.is-guide .beginner-module { padding:20px 16px; }
}

.beginner-module-sources details>summary { justify-content:space-between; gap:16px; }
.beginner-module-sources details>summary::after { content:""; flex:none; width:8px; height:8px; margin-right:4px; border-right:1.5px solid currentColor; border-bottom:1.5px solid currentColor; transform:rotate(45deg); }
.beginner-module-sources details[open]>summary::after { transform:rotate(225deg); }